Modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Dependency theory and chinese special economic zones in africa. The political economy of africa and dependency theory. The theory does not explain the relevance of the situation of the new international division of labor. A paradigm shift the ma y 19 issue of t he econo mist, the influential london n ews magazine has africa on the co ver. The third wave of modernization theory began to rise in the 1990s. The difference between modernization theory and dependency theory is that one explains how developed states operate and grow, while the other explains the exact opposite. So division of social science, hong kong university of science and technology, clear. Key difference modernization theory vs dependency theory modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some dif. Rethinking modernization and dependency theory catherine v. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in africa. The writer used development theories inline with modernization and dependency theories to find out its effect to. Modernization theory explains the progress and development of technology in more stable regions of the world.
When it comes to a solution to the problem, it is right to say that the contexts of countries are different and the solutions for their economic and. Modernization theory focuses on the social elements which facilitate social progress and development of societies, and further aims to explain the process of. Conclusion there exist certain similarities between modernization and dependency theories regarding. Modernization theory vs dependency theory while many theorists have numerous explanations towards underdevelopment, experts like david brooks and peter hallward have described the natural disaster in haiti to be brutally destructive primarily due to its poverty.
Finally, the paper traces how dependency theory can be a useful tool in todays globalized world in order to understand northsouth and regional integration processes and their relation to global inequality. Dependency theory, despite its radically different focus on the causes of underdevelopment, also rests upon masculinist conceptions of the unfolding of history, human labor, and the gendered divisions between the public and. Indeed, they both have something different to say or more or less to say about the highlighted issues. Worldsystems theory can be seen as a further development of dependency theory during the neoliberal era, with the theorist immanuel wallerstein being the primary theorist who advanced it. Modernization theory involves five steps, as stated by one of the most influential american modernization theorist ever, in our course reader, w. The theory has not been attributed to any one person. What is the difference between modernization theory and. How does the modernization theory and dependency theory. Dependency theory and the problem of ethnocentrism and generalization. What is the difference between dependency theory and world. The earliest formulation of dependency theory came up alongside modernisation theory. More importantly the theory explains that development does not occur in isolation, but.
The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional countries can be brought to development in the. Many scholars, often people of color and those from nonwestern nations, pointed out over the years that modernization theory fails to account for the way western reliance on colonization, slave labor, and theft of land and resources provided the wealth and material resources necessary for the pace and scale of development in the west see postcolonial theory for extensive discussions of this. Most of the dependency theorists use the centreperiphery paradigm for this purpose. Modernization and dependency theory essay writing blog. Home education difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc.
Society for comparative studies in society and history. Come browse our large digital warehouse of free sample essays. Modernization and its discontents a perspective from the sociology of knowledge tariq banuri university of massachusettsamherst and wider, helsinki december 1987 i am grateful to participants of widers conference on technological transfer. I highlighted what i think are key points modernization theory is used to explain the p. Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and underdeveloped states to a core of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish the modernization and dependency theories. If we could understand the basic concept of both of these main theories of development, well be able to end the skepticism, and likewise compare as well as differentiate them. Modernization theory also argues that the developing. Its the difference between individuality capitalism and socialism. This highlights that the inequality in the world system where the developing countries are exploited refrain the countries from development. Modernisation and dependency repub, erasmus university. Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and underdeveloped states to a core of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. To put it more precisely, modernization and dependency theory stand on the ground that western countries are the world leaders due to their higher level of development, which affects practically all spheres of life, including economic, political, social, and even cultural life leys, 210. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in.
The people who follow this are considered dependency theorist. Dependency theory vs modernization theory essay 22 words. Within this criticism exists another theory called media dependency theory where developing countries are assumed to be dependent on mass media in the core of the western world. Dependency theorists sharply critique the modernisation school. Modernization theory the third world countries have experienced massive variation in the economic development since after the end of second world war. The development of countries is vulnerable to the impact of multiple factors. World systems theory, like dependency theory, suggests that wealthy countries benefit from other countries and exploitthose countries citizens. In such a way, unlike modernization theory, dependency theory does not view the choice in favor of western way of development as the panacea from all problems or as a conscious choice that is really supported by the population and elite of developing countries but such westernization of developing countries is viewed as a violent interference of developed countries in the life of the third world. Is the dependency theory relevant in the world development today. An analytical model or a theory is, however, insignificant. Difference between modernization theory and dependency. Free essays on dependency theory vs modernization theory. These are the sources and citations used to research modernisation vs dependency theory. Modernization theory also argues that the developing countries should get out of their traditional practices, and adopt new modern values of the developed world.
Modernization and postmodernization kellogg institute. Vincent ferraro, mount holyoke college south hadley, ma july 1996 background dependency theory developed in the late 1950s under the guidance of the director of the united nations economic commission for latin america, raul prebisch. Effects of foreign direct investment on food security in less developed countries1. The dependency theory is an important tool for understanding latin americas relative underdevelopment. A native of germany, he holds a doctor of law degree from the university of munich and a ph. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial bengal by r1uha11ad shahidullah, b. Start studying modernization theory v dependency theory. Modernization theory vs dependency theory 1227 words 5 pages. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. More specifically, this theory holds that the richer nations increase in wealth at the expense of the poorer nations. I pulled out the below from wiki, to show briefly, what these two essentially say.
It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the world system. Review journal a paper for theory of political economic development this journal was written by j. The ecla the formulation of a distinctly latin american school of. Modernization theory vs dependency theory the path to modernization is one never clearly defined. Modernisation and dependency theories on development. Merge also has the property of recursion in that it may apply to its own output.
These five steps are classifications of societies that show the natural progression they go through to reach modernization. Modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies. This did not support but instead it criticized the influence of western modernization. The dependency and worldsystems perspectives on development alvin y. The dependency theory, introduced by raul prebisch in the late 1950s, is an economic concept that identifies a financial dependence between the rich and the poor nations. Read this essay on modernization and dependency theory. The practical premises of both are the same, as one should expect given that worldsystems theory is essentially building on top of and with dependency theory.
There are many different versions of modernization theory. Emphasis is placed on the novel application of resource dependency onto the customer groups associated with each respective brand. Dependency theory the modernization theory is one of the points of view on the way the global stratification works. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial. Modernization theory believes individuals change society, while world systems theory believe in nationless one world governments where everything is ordered into being. Currently, modernization and dependency theories are the two worldwide accepted speculations illuminating the diversification in the economic growth of these countries. Modernization theories are recent in development and its practice was in the period 1945 1955, however the period of enlightenment throughout the 18th century can be seen as the start of portraying western ideas as above those of the third world.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Whats the difference between the modernization theory. Many other aspects of society remained untouched by this theory pros. If i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. Resource dependency theory and transaction cost theory are combined to explain the enterprise rent a car company acquiring vanguards national and alamo brands. Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and. Dependency theory grew influential in latin america in the 1960s and 1970s, largely in reaction to modernisation theory and free trade policies, which originated in.
How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and. Matunhu department of development studies, midlands state university, zimbabwe. Combine and organize your pdf from any browser with the acrobat pdf merger tool. Complementary explanations for subsidiary power in multinational corporations in bridging ib theories, constructs, and methods across cultures and social sciences t. In such a way, unlike modernization theory, dependency theory does not view the choice in favor of western way of development as the panacea from all problems or as a conscious choice that is really supported by the population and elite of developing countries but such westernization of developing countries is viewed as a violent interference. Ahiakpor the ideas of economists and political philosophers, both when they are right and when they are wrong, are more powerful than is commonly understood. Comparison of dependency theory with modernization theory. This argument is indeed controversial for the cultural and religious scientists, but it suggest the way to become a develop country. This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on monday, april 24, 2017. Dependency theory emerged as a reaction to modernization theory. Modernization and comparative study of societies 201 of western social science well before the end of the nineteenth century. Get the knowledge you need in order to pass your classes and more. Alternative approaches and those of the conference for a just world peacer paris, and to.
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